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List of Strengths and Weaknesses What to Say in Your Job Interview

List of Strengths and Weaknesses What to Say in Your Job Interview Imagine yourself in a job interview.You are seated right there in front of the interview panel and everything so far is going well. All signs point to you getting the job and you are excited about it. You are doing all you can to maintain the momentum and not blow it in the last minute.Then someone on the panel drops the bombshell.“Tell us about some of your strengths and weaknesses”This is one part of the interview that nobody likes â€" except for the HR professionals and the hiring managers who can’t seem to let the chance pass.The good news is that just like it is with the other uncomfortable interview questions like “Where do you see yourself in 5 years?” or “Tell us about yourself”, you can prepare for this question and avoid messing all the progress that you have made so far in the interview.In fact, you can turn it to be an advantage for you in the interview because it is a chance to show off to your potential employers and show them that you really stand out.The reason why this question is dreaded by many people is the fact that despite knowing that it will be thrown at you, it always comes off as a trick question. So most people are left confused, not knowing what to say or do.When it comes to strengths, on one side, you could brag so much and end up sounding arrogant, and on the other side you could take the path of modesty and end up unattractive because you didn’t present your incredible skills and achievements.The weaknesses are also not any easy. You could try a lot of honesty and find that you have shot yourself on the foot, or you could hold back and lose credibility in their eyes.Either way, it doesn’t end up well for you.So which way should you take?Worry not, you are on the right page. We will look at ways you can use to turn this question to your advantage and leave the interviewers feeling like you are the right guy for the job.Let’s start with the strengths. PITFALLS TO AVOID IN JOB INTERVIEW WHEN TALKING ABOUT YOUR STRENGTHSWhen you are asked this question, there are things you can say and move directly from a candidate worth considering to one of the people to receive regret mail. Here are some common pitfalls that you should steer clear from:Don’t give a list of qualities taken from the job requirements section.Many interviewees give an answer close to this: “I’m an extremely detail-oriented, analytical, confident, efficient and very responsible in my duties”.Although such an answer might sound like exactly what they want to hear, they probably won’t believe you.Anyone can come up with a bunch of words boasting about how qualified they are for the position. The interviewer needs to know that you really mean what you say.Don’t give an irrelevant answer.Although the question is about your strengths, what the interviewer really wants to know is if you are a good fit.So telling them how good you are in golf or opening beer bot tles in parties won’t do you any good. Your answer should be honest and it should show that you understand the requirements of the position you are after.Don’t be too aggressive.You could have a track record that clearly shows that your skills are above average in your industry, but if you present it in an overly aggressive manner, you will come off as a dictator and that won’t work for you.Avoid the unrealistic strengths.Sometimes candidates will give answers that are too good to be true.Saying something like “I’m a focused individual who can do anything to get the job done. I’m so excited for the job that I won’t mind working 7 days a week just to prove my worth. I’m also very good with timelines hence I will never get to work late.” Your interviewer will see right through the answer.Instead of seeing passion, enthusiasm and determination to get the job done, your interviewers will see desperation and dishonesty, and that will make them doubt everything you have said in the interview.Don’t stuff your answer with strengths.Sometimes you will be given a number of strengths to talk about e.g. “Give us two strengths that will help you in this position” or sometimes you will get a general question and be left to decide how many strengths to give.Either way, your answer should not give more than three qualities that you consider useful in the position. If you have been given a number, stick to it. If not, give two or three.Avoid strengths that are weaknesses.Sometimes in a bid to impress the panel, candidates could say something like: “I’m a total workaholic. I don’t even have a social life anymore. When I’m working on a project, I forget about everything else until the project is done.”Although it may be intended to please, it really is a weakness. You are telling them that you have problems prioritizing things in your life. Work is important, but having a good balance is more desirable.Avoid answers that show your lack of confid ence in yourself.When talking about your strengths, you have the permission to brag a little. It will help you to show that you have confidence in your product.In an interview you are the product so if you are timid and unsure about your ability to deliver, you will only be giving them reasons why they should not hire you.Don’t avoid the question.As much as you hate the question, avoiding it won’t earn you points. Saying something like this won’t help: “I could give you a long list of strengths that make me a good fit for the job and bore you with details of how they helped me in my previous jobs. Instead, let me show you. Give me the job and you will see my strengths for yourself in person.”Don’t be too modest.Some people have a problem with self-promotion so they end up being too modest in their answers. Modesty is good, because you won’t come off as arrogant and proud, but too much of it could mean that you don’t get to talk about some of your great achievements. So feel free to blow your trumpet a little. That’s what they are looking for when they ask about your strengths.Now that we have addressed the pitfalls that you should avoid, let’s look at the things that you should do.HOW TO TALK ABOUT YOUR STRENGTHS IN A JOB INTERVIEWHere are some tips that will help you give an answer that will earn you points and give your interviewers a reason to vouch for you.Your answers should be tailored to the company and position you are applying to. Everyone on the other side of the panel doesn’t care if you are good at cooking, delegation or selling. All they want to know is if your skillset, experience and personality can help the company. They want to know if you can apply them to give an advantage to the company.Pick three positive qualities that you intend to mention in the interview. As mentioned above, having too many of them will do you more harm than good so sit down and think carefully about the things that make you shine as a person. You can make a list of all of them and pick the three that you feel will be important in the position you are applying for. What is that activity that gave you the most compliments? What are some of the things that cause time to fly?Use stories to back up your claims. Remember the last time you did something that gave an advantage to your company using a skill that you weren’t hired for? Tell them about it. For example, “Although I’m mainly a PHP Web Developer, I’m also very conversant with other programming languages like Java and Python. A few months ago in my current position, my company needed to move to a modern, responsive website that shows the energy and passion in the team. I was able to leverage my knowledge of Java to add some extra functionality and cool visual elements to the pages and the result was incredible. This would not have been possible with PHP alone.”The good thing about this question is that it is an open ended question. This means that you can take w hichever direction that you like and still have good results. You can even use it to fill holes in your resume by blocking any objections that they might have. For example, if you suspect that you’ve made too many job changes in your career and they will see you as a job hopper, you can use this question to turn it into an advantage by showing how this exposure to different industries helps you see things outside the box.Your goal as you come up with your answer is standing out from the other candidates. It will help you to put yourself in the shoes of your interviewer and try to pick a strength that is unique and attractive. For example, imagine you are interviewing for a marketing or accounting position. How many people do you think will claim to be “numbers” people? A lot. Instead of just saying that you are a numbers person, say something like this: “I’m a marketing campaign coordinator at ABC Marketing responsible with making sure that we get the most out of our campa igns. One of my favorite things to do is to evaluate the performance of campaigns and draw insights from the numbers. The other day I noticed that the areas where we were spending the most on advertisement were bringing in customers who spent the least and areas where we barely advertised were bringing in customers who were spending a lot. I then came up with a plan to redistribute the ad spend and the results were phenomenal! We were able to increase our sales by 17.5% from the same ad spend.” This says that you are a numbers person and you have a sharp eye for detail.Now let’s move to the weaknesses.PITFALLS TO AVOID IN JOB INTERVIEW WHEN TALKING ABOUT YOUR WEAKNESSESTalking about weaknesses is a very tricky thing in a job interview. Prepare adequately for it by avoiding these pitfalls:Yes, you do have a weakness.Although many people will agree that this is an innocuous question, avoiding it with something like “I can’t think of any relevant weaknesses” or  â€œI’m a po sitive person so I prefer to focus more on my strengths” won’t help you. Everybody has at least one weakness so be sure to think carefully about what you are going to say.There are weaknesses that every interviewer hears several times in almost every interview. Stay away from these. Saying that you are a perfectionist or workaholic will not help you to stand out from the other candidates, and standing out (in a good way) is your main agenda in any interview.By all means, do not lie.As much as there are traits that are desirable in the position you are seeking, lying to appear like the perfect candidate will not help you.The minute the interviewers think that you are being dishonest, you will lose all credibility and they will have a hard time believing anything else you have said in the interview.Avoid weaknesses that paint you in bad light.For example, don’t say something like “I am very outspoken and sometimes I feel like I share a lot â€" sometimes more than I should shar e.”It may be honest, but is also raises a red flag. The interviewer will be left wondering if you can be trusted with safeguarding the company’s secrets.You have not come for a therapy session so don’t just throw a list of weaknesses to your interviewers.Your goal is to show that you are qualified so share a story that shows that you know about the weakness, and more importantly, that you are working on it.Don’t place blame on anyone. It’s easy to blame your childhood, teachers, an old boss, siblings or anyone else for your weaknesses. The interviewers aren’t concerned about the source of your weakness. Instead, they want to know that it won’t affect your performance.DIFFERENT FORMATS USED BY INTERVIEWERS TO ASK THIS QUESTIONSometimes the interviewer will ask you directly for your weakness but other times, you will be asked in a different style. Let’s take a look at some of themTell us about a development goal you are currently working on. This one asks for your weak ness, but also looks for your ability to evaluate yourself honestly and come up with a plan to make an improvement.If I called your current manager, what would he/she say you need to work on? This one also asks for your weaknesses, but the phrasing is tricky. The idea of calling your current manager is meant to get more honesty out of you because at the back of your head you will be asking, “What if they actually call?”If you could change one thing about yourself, what would it be? This one asks for one weakness and also the ability to honestly self-evaluate and come up with a plan to improve on your weaknesses.What area of your life would you want to improve in the next one year? This approach is more positive, but it still asks about your weakness.HOW TO TALK ABOUT YOUR WEAKNESSES IN A JOB INTERVIEWNow that we know what not to do, let’s dive in and look at how to answer this question.Be authentic. Honesty is one important thing interviewers are looking for when they ask abou t your weakness. You are going to make a better impression with sincerity than with a false weakness that sounds good. However, don’t pick a weakness that makes you look bad.Pick a weakness that is fixable. Your interviewers are looking for two things when they ask for your weaknesses: honest self-evaluation and some self-improvement. So picking a weakness that is fixable and showing that you are already working on fixing it will earn you some points. For example, you can say something like this: “Ever since my days in college, I have always had trouble sharing responsibilities. I have trouble trusting others with work when I know I can produce better results. So if I need to share a task, I get impatient when I suspect that the other person isn’t doing it right. I have spoken to my supervisor about this weakness and together we have come up with goals and timelines for each goal. I have even enrolled in a team building workshop. I’m gradually learning to trust others. My su pervisor says that we are making progress. In fact, I was recently given the responsibility of leading a group of 6 people from my department in preparing our end of year presentation. It was a trying three weeks of my life, but I was able to get everyone involved and we received very good feedback at the end.”If you can’t find a weakness that’s fixable, give one that won’t affect your ability to perform on the job you are interviewing for. An example would be something like this: “I have a hard time working with others in a team. I don’t like it when I put a lot of effort towards achieving a goal, only to be let down by a member of the team who lacks the motivation to pull their weight. That’s one of the reasons why I decided to become a truck driver. I get to spend most of my time alone and my results are determined by my own efforts.”Just like it is with strengths, have three weaknesses ready when going for the interview. You might be asked to give one, two or thr ee. If you have not been given a number, give one and say that it is your biggest weakness. This way, you will not be guilty of saying that you have only one weakness, and at the same time you will not be giving them too many imperfections.A smart tip when you are asked about your strengths and weaknesses in one question is to start with your weaknesses. This means that you will have to finish with your strengths, hence the interviewers will be likely to focus more on the strengths when asking follow up questions.

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A Brief Note On The And Its Effects On The Environment

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Because of its adverse impact on agronomic productivity, the environment, and its effect on food security and the quality of life, land degradation will remain an important global issue for the 21st century (RecyclingWorks Massachusetts, 2016).Read MoreHealth Promotion Among Black or African Population Gcu1095 Words   |  5 PagesPopulation [Your Name] Grand Canyon University: Family-Centered Health Promotion(NRS-429V) January 10, 2016  Health Promotion Among Black or African American Population The Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] (2015) notes that â€Å"Starting in 1997, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) requires federal agencies to use a minimum of five race categories: White, Black or African American, American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander

Key Issues in W.E.B. DuBois’ The Souls of Black Folk Free Essays

The Souls of Black Folk, by W.E.B. We will write a custom essay sample on Key Issues in W.E.B. DuBois’ The Souls of Black Folk or any similar topic only for you Order Now DuBois, is a compilation of essays written by DuBois and first published in 1903. In these essays, DuBois covers many of the problems that he sees in the lives of African American people. These multitude of problems can be summed up into one issue, â€Å"the problem of the color-line† (DuBois 1994, 9). DuBois sees this â€Å"color-line† as the root of difficulties for his race reaching back to the days of the Civil War, but he claims to really see it take hold in the era that he published his book, the early twentieth century (DuBois 1994, 9). Through his collection of essays, DuBois allows the reader to see multiple events pertaining to the lives of African Americans through his eyes, and paints the history of black struggles in ways that might not have been clear to someone who had not been so close to them. DuBois chose to begin each of his essays with a â€Å"sorrow song,† a line or two of music that â€Å"welled up from black souls in the dark past† (DuBois 1994, 1). These bits of song give the tone for each of the essays. DuBois speaks of being â€Å"a problem† to the white world around him, but he sees major issues in his time that keep people thinking of him as â€Å"a problem† (DuBois 1994, 2). These issues are those of â€Å"work, culture, and liberty,† (DuBois 1994, 6), things that DuBois does not see coming easily to his people. At the time, they lacked the right to vote, many lacked adequate schooling, and the â€Å"emancipation† granted in the Civil War era had not led to anything resembling true freedom (DuBois 1994, 6). An example of this lack of freedom is illustrated in the chapter, â€Å"Of The Black Belt.† This particular essay gives the reader the view from a traveling buggy in early twentieth century Georgia (DuBois 1994, 53). Due to recession after the war, most of the land has been abandoned by the previously wealthy owners, and is being rented to the African Americans who are willing to work on it (DuBois 1994, 53). These African Americans live in broken down plantations houses, barely fit for inhabitation, but still must pay exorbitant rents to the people who previously lived there (DuBois 1994, 53). On top of the out of control rents, no amount of money that the African Americans pay ensures them of ever owning any home or land (DuBois 1994, 60). The work they had   done on the land over the years quite often ended up sold to a white person, not matter how much the African American had paid on it (DuBois 1994, 61). Most of them are destitute, for all the money they make from growing crops goes into the hands of their landlords (DuBois 1994, 57). For a few older people, these landlords are their former owners. DuBois does not see this as freedom in any way. In fact, in the chapter â€Å"Of the Quest for the Golden Fleece† he is critical of the Emancipation due to the fact that it turned out so many slaves on their own, slaves who had not thought past being freed, and eventually caused them to come back to their former owners in order to have food and a place to live (DuBois 1994, 66). Another issue that DuBois finds relevant to the problem of the â€Å"color line† is the general lack of higher educational options, or â€Å"culture,† for the African American. In â€Å"Of Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others† DuBois gives the credit for a lot of this problem to Booker T. Washington and his plan of â€Å"Negroes (surviving) through submission† (DuBois 1994, 27). Washington’s plan was threefold. In it, African Americans should give up, â€Å"at least for the present: political power, insistence on civil rights, and higher education of Negro youth† (DuBois 1994, 27). Washington believed that these things could be accomplished later, but â€Å"compromise† would further the Negro cause at the time. DuBois was very much opposed to this system, stating that it caused, â€Å"the disfranchisement, the legal creation of a distinct status of civil inferiority, and the steady withdrawal of aid from institutions of higher training for the Negro† (DuBois 1994, 27).   He questioned any plan that would continue holding back his race, saying that Washington was hindering by bringing up the old â€Å"attitude of adjustment and submission† (DuBois 1994, 26). Another problem point for DuBois was the lack of liberty that his people had. For example, in the chapter â€Å"On The Coming of John,† DuBois tells the tale of a young African American man who strived to get past the â€Å"veil†and make something of himself. At first he was a poor student, but he refocused after being kicked out of school and came back with a real desire to learn. This learning, however, made him aware of the many things that he was excluded from. He â€Å"noticed now the oppression that had not seemed oppression before,† was angry when people did not call him â€Å"mister,† and was offended at having to ride in the â€Å"Jim Crow† cars (DuBois 1994, 95). The story continues on with the young man facing racism at every turn. The essay ends with the young man having exerted liberty by saving a young Negro woman from an amorous white man, whom he kills, but the liberty of action came at a price. As we leave the tale, the young man is sitting calmly at the site of the crime, waiting for the lynch mob he hears from far away to come get him (DuBois 1994, 102). The message that the tale conveys is that the lack of liberty to take part in the white world in bound to lead to disenchantment and anger for those held behind the â€Å"veil† (DuBois, 1994, 95). DuBois tackles the topic of African American religion in the chapter, â€Å"Of the Faith of the Fathers.† He explains the roots of Negro religions on the plantations. They were more likely to be pagan and voodoo like, because that is what most of them were taught in their native lands (DuBois 1994, 84). It took the impressions of missionaries and plantation owners to give the religion a â€Å"veneer of Christianity,† and it took several generations for the Negroes to come to a following of authentic Christianity (DuBois 1994, 84). However, DuBois has a problem with how Christianity came to be presented to the slave population. Whereas the â€Å"voodoo† type religions had â€Å"deepened and strengthened† the slaves, Christianity was manipulated by the plantation owners to weaken them (DuBois 1994, 84-85). In DuBois’ opinion, the Negro had been so run down that he was â€Å"losing the joy of this world† and â€Å"(eagerly) seizing upon the offered conceptions of the next† (DuBois 1994, 85). The Negroes became â€Å"fatalistic,† and with that fatalism came the traits of â€Å"shiftlessness† and â€Å"hopelessness† (DuBois 1994, 85). When they became free, many turned their religion into an idea of â€Å"revenge† (DuBois, 1994, 85). The â€Å"Coming of the Lord† was looked for, and people pledged to die before going back to slavery (DuBois 1994, 86). There was also an idea that the slave owners would get their punishment when the Lord came, so the event was highly anticipated. At the time DuBois was writing, religion had split into two sectors for the Negro. Northern blacks held a vengeful ideal, and Southern blacks fell into â€Å"hypocritical compromise† (DuBois 1994, 87). Neither were ideal, and DuBois closed with the hope that there would be an â€Å"awakening† and â€Å"the real Negro heart† would come â€Å"out of the Valley of the Shadow of Death,† and create a new world where the things he desired for his people would not be â€Å"for White People Only† (Dubois 1994, 88). There is much more that could be said about DuBois’ essays, but the main thing that this writer believes that he would want a person to take from his work is the idea that one group of people cannot be subjugated forever. Although some may not want to work for freedom, there are always a few that will want to learn and make a better person out of themselves. Instead of a taste of liberty angering them because they cannot do anything with it, the taste should bring them joy as they are accepted into the new world they have so longed for. DuBois never got to see a world like that, but perhaps one day his descendants, and ours, will. Reference List DuBois, W.E.B. 1994. The souls of black folk. New York: Dover Publications. How to cite Key Issues in W.E.B. DuBois’ The Souls of Black Folk, Essay examples

Prison Models Essay Sample free essay sample

There are three theoretical accounts of prisons that have been outstanding in American since the early 1940’s: custodial. rehabilitative. and reintegration. Each theoretical account is designed otherwise based on its overruling end. and this affects the physical design. policies. and plans that are implemented within each of the theoretical accounts. Custodial ModelArchaic Purpose: Control. focal point is on keeping security and order. Goal: Punishment. this is the best manner to supply disincentive against future offense. Focus: Prisoners must be punished for their errors and prison life must be made so unpleasant so that wrongdoers will waver to perpetrate any new offenses upon release. Theory: Classical. belief that humans operate under free will and an wrongdoer makes a pick to prosecute in condemnable behaviour believing benefits outweigh the costs. Design: Radial. this allows for captives to hold less contact with each other and allows for guards to supervise more captives at one clip. We will write a custom essay sample on Prison Models Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Management Style: Military manner attack is used to command captives. Focus is on subject and order with a clear and steadfast hierarchy of who is in charge. The determination procedure is left to the disposal and the inmates are expected to be obedient and follow all the regulations without oppugning. Administrative Style: Control theoretical account. authorization is the custodies of the prison disposal. Prison decision makers are inflexible and supply strict control over inmates’ lives. Communication is formal and professional and is restricted to official channels and must follow a formal concatenation of bid. Advantages: Good control. gives public feeling of safety and requital. tight security against flights. Disadvantages: Inhumane intervention of captives. creates high tensenesss and violent atmosphere. enhances likeliness of public violences. Rehabilitative ModelModern Purpose: Rehabilitate Goal: Treatment Focus: Determining what caused the captive to perpetrate the offense so that they can be treated and rehabilitated. If an wrongdoer receives the proper medical and psychological attention they will be â€Å"cured† of their criminalism. Theory: Positivism. belief that offense is caused or determined by psychological factors or biological lacks and these can be diagnosed and treated by scientific agencies ; thought that an wrongdoers actions are out of their control. Design: Courtyard. this allows captives to hold every bit much â€Å"fresh air† as possible which is known to hold many medical and psychological benefits. Management Manner: Hospital. prison staff has more professional preparation. and captives are treated as patients. Use benevolent authorization to constructively alter inmates from violent antisocial felons to good citizens. There is a clear and orderly concatenation of bid. but inmates are encourages to be involved in their attention. Inmates are non involved in any determination devising procedures. and have no signifiers of self-governing. Administrative Manner: Consensual theoretical account. less restrictive correctional environment. Communication is both formal and informal. Situations covering with inmates demands are formal while twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours interactions with inmates are less formal. Open communicating is encouraged. The inmates are allowed to oppugn their intervention options but the prison staff and disposal has the authorization to do all of the determinations. Advantages: Lower recidivism rates. more humane. captives can acquire aid may non hold otherwise been able to acquire. Disadvantages: More expensive. easier for flights. intervention can be uneffective. Reintegration ModelProgressive Purpose: Reintegrate Goal: Education Focus: Prisoners should be given every opportunity to larn duty and good citizenship by offering a assortment of instruction plans and helping with re-entry into society such as happening lodging and occupations. Theory: Social disorganisation. a deficiency of instruction and resources causes community societal controls have broken down doing a condemnable civilization to emerge. By supplying an instruction and apportioning the proper resources to inmates to re-enter these communities. you are battling the forces that keep communities disorganized. Wrongdoers will larn new ways and have better resources and will non look to reappear into the condemnable civilization they came from. Design: Campus. this allows for a more college-like ambiance so inmates can concentrate on instruction. larning new accomplishments. and how to accommodate back into society. Management Manner: Academic. prison staff and disposal are at that place to learn and steer inmates on the accomplishments and resources needed to reintegrate into society. It is up to the inmate to take advantage of services and plans offered. Inmates are allowed to take an active function in the determination devising procedure. and are encouraged to inquiry procedures and processs. Inmates openly and freely show their sentiments. Administrative Manner: Responsibility Model. prison disposal maintains order by puting restrictions but inmates are allowed to self-govern within the restricted environment. Communication is informal and inmates are allowed initiate conversations which encourages a more societal scene Advantages: Inexpensive. Fosters inmate self-respect. Teachs duty. Disadvantages: System can be abused easy. small control. inability to mensurate effectivity. Mentions Clark. D. N. ( 2004. 08 09 ) . Reintegration or recidivism of released individuals. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //fcwpp. Friend. org/reintegration A ; recidivism paper. pdf Gaines. L. K. . A ; Miller. R. L. ( 2013 ) . Condemnable justness in action. ( 7th ed. ) . Belmont. Calcium: Wadsworth Cengage Learning Salinas. G. L. ( 2009 ) . A preliminary analysis: Prison theoretical accounts and prison direction theoretical accounts and the Texas prison system. ( Unpublished master’s thesis. Texas State University ) Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //digital. library. txstate. edu/bitstream/handle/10877/3639/fulltext. pdf

Teacher immediacy Essays

Teacher immediacy Essays Teacher immediacy Paper Teacher immediacy Paper Immediacy can be described as psychological and physical closeness to another human (Gorham, 1988). Traditionally, immediacy has two components, non verbal and verbal. Non-verbal immediacy behaviors have been categorized into items such at smiles, eye contact, communicating at short distances, body positions that are forward leaning and/or relaxed, positive gestures, touch, and variety in vocalizations (Christophel, 1990; Kearney, Plax, Smith, Sorenson, 1988). Verbal immediacy would include self-disclosure, use of we, calling on students by name, and humor (Gorham, 1988; Kearney et al. , 1988). It is clear that teacher immediacy impacts teacher effectiveness, student motivation, and student learning (Gorham, 1988; Rodriguez, Plax, Kearney, 1996). What is unclear is the link between teacher immediacy, perceived teacher gender, and student willingness to participate. For this study, the variable of instructor nonverbal and verbal immediacy behaviors will be student reported on a 34-item measure (Christophel, 1990). Perceived Gender of the Instructor Because the students will report on the gender traits of the instructor, this variable is labeled as perceived gender. Sex and gender are not terms that are interchangeable today in communication research (Campbell, Gillaspy, Thompson, 1997). The term sex usually refers to biological differences between women and men while gender often refers to the social, psychological, and cultural beliefs humans have about themselves as being male or female (Pearson Davilla, 2001). For this study, gender is defined as the sex type of a person based on the degree to which that person has internalized the traits the society has deemed as masculine and feminine, and these masculine and feminine traits are delineated by the BSRI based on a judgment as to whether American society viewed those characteristics as more desirable in men and women, respectively (Bem, 1974). As educational communication researchers, we are interested in the extent to which our students have internalized societys standards for being masculine or feminine and how this internalization impacts how students conceptualize and categorize teacher gender traits. One way to measure perception of sex roles is to use the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) created by Sandra Bem (1974). The BSRI treated masculinity and femininity as two separate dimensions and asked respondents to self-rate from a list of personality traits (Auster Ohm, 2000). Each respondent would be classified into one of four groups: androgynous (high masculine/high feminine), masculine (high masculine/low feminine), feminine (low masculine/high feminine), and undifferentiated (low masculine/low feminine) (Pearson Davilla, 2001; Wheeless, Dierks-Stewart, 1981). In the original study, Menzel and Carrel (1999) found no significant relationship between the biological sex of instructors and student willingness to participate. What is unclear is both the relationship between perceived teacher gender and student willingness to participate and the relationship between perceived teacher gender and teacher immediacy behaviors. For this study, the variable of perceived gender of the instructor will be student reported on a 20-item BSRI. Willingness to Talk Student willingness to talk is an important component of the classroom environment, but unfortunately it is rare for the majority of students participate in whole class discussion (Green, 2000) Oral student participation is linked to active learning (Steinert, Snell, 1999), and instructors use class discussions to develop critical thinking skills (Garside, 1996) and to improve student communication competence (Zorn, 1991). Furthermore, student in-class speech is often a way that teachers gauge their pedagogical effectiveness, and instructors also use student speech to evaluate student learning (Cooper, 1995). Despite the importance of student speech in student learning, in a discussion setting that incorporates thirty-five students or less, 15 percent of the students will be responsible for 75 percent of all student speech (Green, 2000). Because of this disparity in student participation, it is important to study variables that could influence student willingness to speak. Menzel and Carrel (1999) found the level of student willingness to talk to be positively correlated with student learning; they also argued that classroom dialogue is important to study because it is a reflection of effective instruction. When measuring willingness to talk in class, it seems reasonable to accept Menzel and Carrels (1999) incorporation of the variables of student interest and state motivation, type of participation environment, seating arrangement, and level of discord with ideas discussed, especially since the researchers statistically evaluated their instrument for internal validity and found these variables valuable in studying student willingness to talk. For this study the variable of student willingness to talk in class is self-reported on a 19-item measure incorporating the aforementioned variables (Menzel Carrel, 1999). Purposes and Objectives This study seeks to replicate portions of the original study done by Menzel and Carrell (1999), with biological sex being replaced by gender of instructor, which is defined as psychological gender traits and student reported on the shortened BSRI. As previously discussed, research has positively correlated teacher immediacy behaviors with student willingness to talk (Menzel Carrell, 1999). Previous research has not investigated two potential relationships: between student willingness to talk and perceived instructor gender traits, and between instructor immediacy behaviors and perceived instructor gender traits. Hypothesis and Research Questions: H1: A students willingness to talk in class will positively vary based on instructor immediacy behavior (verbal and nonverbal combined in one variable). RQ1: Will a students willingness to talk in class vary as a function of the student reported perceived gender of the instructor? RQ2: Is there a relationship between instructor immediacy behavior (verbal and nonverbal combined in one variable) and student reported perceived gender of the instructor? With regard to our data set, we surveyed community college students while Menzel and Carrell (1999) surveyed university students. Given the differences between the educational plans of some community college students and the educational plans of university students, we wondered if length of planned education could impact how students reported on the three variables of our study. With this in mind, we posed a final research question.

4th Grade Science Experiments

4th Grade Science Experiments Great 4th-grade science fair projects involve answering a question, solving a problem, or testing a hypothesis. Usually, a teacher or parent helps work out the hypothesis and design the project. Fourth graders have a good understanding of scientific concepts, but they may need help with the scientific method and organizing a poster or presentation. The key to developing a successful project is finding an idea that is interesting to a 4th grader. Experiment Ideas The best experiments usually begin with a question to which you dont know the answer. Once youve formulated a question, you can design a simple experiment to help figure out the answer: Do cockroaches have a preference for direction? Catch and release cockroaches. Which way do they go? Is there a common trend or not? You can try this project with ants or other crawling insects as well.Do colored ice cubes melt at the same rate as clear ice cubes? Add food coloring to an ice cube tray and compare how long the colored cubes take to melt compared to the regular ones.Does magnetism travel through all materials? Put different materials between a magnet and metal. Do they affect how strongly the magnet is attracted to the metal? If so, do they all affect the magnetic field to the same degree?Do all crayon colors last the same? Draw a really long line with one color, then draw the same length of line with another color. Are both crayons the same length?What is the effect of microwaving seeds on their germination rate? Test seeds that sprout quickly, like radish seeds, and different microwave times, such as 5 seconds, 10 seconds, 30 seconds, one minute. Use a control (no mi crowave) treatment for comparison. Will seeds germinate if you soak them in a liquid other than water? You can try milk, juice, vinegar, and other common household liquids. Alternatively, you could see if plants will grow if they are watered with liquids other than water.Make a simple homemade windmill. What is the best number of blades for the windmill?How much salt (or sugar) can a plant tolerate? Water plants with a different solution of salt or sugar. How high of a concentration can the plant tolerate? A related question would be to see if plants can survive if they are watered with soapy water such as leftover dishwater.Do birds have a preference for birdhouse material? In other words, do they seem to care if the birdhouse is made of wood or plastic or metal?Do worms react when they are exposed to light? Do they react differently when they are exposed to different colors of light?Do ants prefer different types of sugar? Test using table sugar, honey, maple syrup, and molasses.Can you taste the difference between foods that contain fat and fat-free versions of the same product? Compare the water filtration rate of different brands of coffee filters. Take one cup of liquid and time how long it takes to pass through the filter. Do the different filters affect the flavor of the coffee?Do white candles and colored candles burn at the same rate?Write messages using different types of invisible ink. Which was the most invisible? Which method produced a message that was easy to read after it was revealed?

Comparing and Contrasting Literary Forms Assignment

Comparing and Contrasting Literary Forms - Assignment Example Such an effect is achieved by play inference. The writer can adequately describe the scene and deftly introduce a mood. Poetry, drama, and short story are literature constituents, but they bear some identical differences. Dialogue accommodates extensive dialogue, which can be either non-fiction or fiction, a short story narrates brief experiences that are non-fiction while poetry can be either nonfiction or fiction and may rhyme (Cuddon & Habib, 2013). Poetry, drama, and short stories have a setting. The setting is a fictional work of establishing a geographic, physical, and historical context (Cuddon & Habib, 2013). Setting adds attitude to poetry, drama, or short story, and a good example of attitude is the change attitudes towards women. Myth, symbol, and allegory are other features shared by drama, short stories, and poetry. Allegory is use of two meanings that are parallel in the story where one is literal while the other one is figurative (Meyer, 2004). Allegory serves the purpose of deepening the meaning in writing and to teach a lesson. A myth reflects social or religious values often involving heroes or a god. A symbol acts as a representative of an association or a relationship. The tool of foreshadow is used in poetry, short stories and drama. Foreshadow gives the audience a hint of future happenings. In poetry, foreshadow can be captured as early as the poem title to shed some light to the reader of what the poem entails. Mood is also extensively utilized in all these three literature works to aid in conveying the theme (Meyer, 2004). Conflict is also common in short stories, drama, and poems. It denotes a struggle between forces that oppose each other. A conflict can be expressed as an internal conflict within an individual or between characters (Cuddon & Habib, 2013). It helps build the element of suspense as scenes unfurl in the

Deaf readings and Questionss 2 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Deaf readings and Questionss 2 - Coursework Example The fact factors like gender and language also further disintegrates the students, both the disabled and the abled, should be something that can be dealt with. Parents should expose their children to different languages at an early age to avoid inconveniences. These are both the spoken and the written language (24). This would help avoid discrimination. Mertens 1990, after a thorough research on academic performance for both the students with hearing problems and the hearing students, came up with a surprising report. The performance of the hearing students was way higher than that of the non-hearing students. This may raise critics against the combined mode of learning which is putting them all in a common institution. To avoid this, i advocate that although they are to learn in the same environment, there has to be some extra or rather special classes of either of the hearing or the hard of hearing students so as to put them on almost the same

Producing Electricity From Wave Energy Engineering Essay

Producing Electricity From Wave Energy Engineering Essay When we hear the word, renewable energy the first things which come to mind are solar panels, wind turbines, hydroelectric power and some might even consider waste incineration as a way of producing energy. Albeit being an island, few of us stop and ponder on the huge energy potential that there is in the waters surrounding our island. Wave energy is slowly being made use of round Europe, particularly in countries facing the Atlantic. Malta falls in the medium range of wave heights which gives the possibility to use small wave energy generators which can generate a considerable amount of energy. Through this project our aim is to create a device which harnesses wave energy and converts it into electrical energy. The design must be cost effective, with no or limited contribution to visual pollution and most importantly efficient. Through this project we hope that we not only succeed in creating a design which works but also come up with a design that has a potential to be improved further in order to be utilized as a way of producing electrical energy in the Maltese Islands. After initially, deciding on what we aim to do, our first step was to analyse wave shape, wave patterns and wave heights round the Maltese Islands. As part of our initial steps, we looked into current models of wave energy generators in order to get a clear picture to what is already found globally. The final design which we came up with was what we codenamed Sea Saw the name itself expresses the advantage of the design. The design swings on the waves and as it swings electricity is produced. As part of our project, we also carried out a survey with the aim of analyzing the public awareness and perception on wave energy. Another part of the project was interviews with Jamie Taylor, in order to get to know more about wave energy in Europe. Being constantly reminded that traditional methods of energy production are contributing to serious environmental problems, governments round the world are seeking new ways of generating electricity. Malta is no exception. By 2020, at least 20% of Maltas energy production has to come from renewable sources. As a response to the urgent need for pollution-free power generation, the energy sector was forced through a renovating process, which sees its opening towards renewable energy. One of the new emerging industries in the renewable energy industry is the wave energy industry. Although the technology is relatively new and currently not economically competitive with older technologies such as wind energy, the interest from governments and industry is steadily increasing. An important feature of sea waves is their high energy density, which is the highest among the renewable energy sources. The idea of converting the energy of ocean surface waves into useful energy forms is not new. There are techniques that were first patented as early as 1799 by Girard Son in France. Potential Energy of a Wave Consider a typical ocean wave, wavelength 200m, wave height 1. The wave is 10 ms-1. The water particles move up and down as in a typical wave but they also move sideways. These two motions combine to give a circular motion. The water particles have both kinetic energy and gravitational energy. Both can be captured by suitable devices. A rough calculation of the wave energy can be found by assuming a square wave as shown: The square wave has wavelength 200m and amplitude 1m. The wave front is assumed to be 1m wide. The crest of the wave is above the normal level while the trough is below. The centre of gravity moved by the water as it goes from crest to trough, is 1m. The volume of water, moved is the volume of the crest. F is found using the equation c = fÃŽÂ », f = c/ÃŽÂ » = 10/200 = 0.05 hZ Power = Energy x Frequency = 106 x 0.05 = 5 x 104 Watts For a sinusoidal wave, the power is about half as much as that of a square wave. Hence, the power of a sinusoidal wave is equal 25 x 103 W. Besides, potential energy, a wave also has kinetic energy. This should be equal to the kinetic energy according to the theory of simple harmonic motion. Therefore, total power, KE + PE = 5 x 104 Watts. In practice, the actual power generated will be smaller due to energy losses and inefficiencies of the whole system. How do wave energy devices work? Wave energy occurs in the movement of water near the surface of the sea. A wave is formed when the wind, effectively drags at the water as it blows across. As the wind becomes stronger and the distance over which it blows increases, the more energy the waves have. As waves approach the coast, they begin to lose energy through friction with the seabed and eventually break on the shore. Thus the greater amount of energy is found in waves in the deeper well-exposed waters offshore. All the different types of energy devices, take energy out of the motion of the water near the surface by converting the action of the waves into movements that power generators to produce electricity. Maltas Potential to harness wave energy Being an island, we are an entirely surrounded by sea. Statistical data from WERMED Malta shows that Malta is well positioned to make use of the energy stored in waves, which are on average of medium height to produce electrical energy. Figure 1: Average Significant Wave Height and Wave Direction (Source: WERMED Malta) Design Development After initially deciding on the theme of the project, a process of designing the final wave generator was undergone. We listed the properties that the final design should have. Then we started designing designs which included the following: Figure 2: Requirements of the Wave Generator In all four different designs were taken into consideration. Each design was evaluated and its pros and cons were listed. Through this process, our aim was to come up with the best possible design which is not only viable but also efficient. Design number 1 The first design was inspired by the shake torch mechanism which incorporates a magnet passing through a coil and as it passes it generates an electric current. As the float bobs on water (when there are waves), the magnet moves through the tube, passes through the coil and generates an electric current. The tube is connected to a capacitor which stores the current. This design was ruled out, since it is not adequate for large scale energy generators. Figure 3: Design 1 Design number 2 The wave generator is flexible such that it moulds itself on the wave. At any point in time, one of the three barrel like floats is found at the trough and the other two barrel like floats are found at crest. At the same time, weights in the side arms hit piezo plates which convert mechanical stress into electrical energy and a magnet moves through the coil in order to produce electricity by electromagnetic induction. The design is anchored from only one cylinder to allow free rotation to face current wave direction. The rotation is aided by triangle shaped structures attached to the barrel like floats. The two outside barrels would be modified so they will have both weight and buoyancy. The center barrel will be modified so the total weight of the center barrel is twice that of one of the outside barrels. This design was ruled out after analyzing each aspect of the design. The energy production tube associated to piezo was deemed highly inefficient because piezo disks, only produce millivolts and thus not suitable to produce energy in large scale projects. The energy production system associated to gearbox system was deemed inefficient because there would be huge energy loss associated, to turning the gear wheels. On the other hand, we saw that there was potential in energy production using electromagnetic induction, thus we based our project on this form of energy production. Figure 4: Design Nos. 2 Design number 3 Figure 5: Design Nos. 3 This design consisted of a tube, with coil wound around and a magnet rolling inside. As the magnet rolled, through the coil, electricity is produced. Waves cause, the tube to shift to one side and the magnet consequently gains more speed as it moves towards the end of the tube. This design was ruled out because as the magnet shifts to the end of the tube and hits the other side, energy is lost as it hits the end of the tube. Thus, the design is considered inefficient due to significant energy losses. In designing, the final design a design which incorporates continuous motion was planned. Design number 4 The wave generator is a long, narrow box pivoted and anchored in the middle so that, as one end goes up, the other goes down. One end goes on the wave crest and the other goes down with the trough of the wave. When one end, goes up the fluid inside the tube goes down and turns the turbine which is connected to the coil. As soon as it reaches the end of the tube, the flap closes and forces the fluid to flow backwards and the fluid takes the path along the other side. As it flows downwards, it turns the other turbine, which is connected to the magnets. The turbine and magnets turn in the opposite direction, generating electricity by electromagnetic induction. Figure 6: Design Nos. 4 Building the model Materials and Apparatus Voltmeter Wires Plastic Casing Copper Wire Coil 2 Magnets Perspex Boxes Bushes Oscilloscope Water In practice, the Sea Saw should be half wavelength based on average values, so that one end rests on a crest and the other end rests on a trough. Its axis should be parallel to the motion of the wave, it is perpendicular to the wave front. Anchor Seabed It should be anchored from the centre, to the sea bed. The anchor should be flexible so that it can adjust itself to water height/level. Preliminary Testing Test 1 Testing Generator String was wound around the magnets shaft. It was spun by pulling the string. Voltage was checked on an AC Voltmeter. Average reading was About 2.3 Volts. The same reading was obtained on an oscilloscope. Peak was 2 cm, cycle was 8 cm long. Settings were 2 volts per cm. Time base was 10 ms per cm. These correspond to a peak voltage of 4 volts. RMS (Root Mean Square Voltage) was 2.8. Periodic Time was 80 ms. Frequency was 12.5 Hz. Theoretical voltage was calculated as follows: Emf generated by each length of the coil when cutting the field lines is given by Where B = Magnetic Flux Density = 0.04 T l = Diameter of Magnet 4.5 cm = 0.045m v = Average velocity To find Average Velocity: R = Average Radius of coil 5 cm = 0.05m F = Frequency of Rotation 12.5 Hz (obtained from oscilloscope) At any time the coil is cutting the magnets at 4 different points. The coil had 70 turns. Total Peak Voltage = 5 Volts This agrees with the value obtained from the oscilloscope. Test 2 Gates In the initial design, the gates were 20 cm high (Bottom to hinge). These started to hit the sides of the tank and did not open properly. They were lowered to 13 cm. Weights in the form of heavy nuts were attached to them using silicon sealer, in order to reduce the gates buoyancy since they are made of Perspex. The tank was filled with water. Wave movement was simulated by rocking the tank manually. Figure Gates did not open properly and there was leakage of water. Water did not flow the complete circuit but started to flow backwards. Water did not have enough space to flow to at the ends. The design was emended by extending the tank incorporating a circular pathway. Friction at the bearings tended to make the magnet disc and coil to rotate in the same direction. This was due to the common shaft on which they were turning. The common shaft was used in order to stabilize the system. On a larger model, the use of common shaft can be avoided. Backward movement was stopped by inserting a ratchet with each water turbine. Hinge moves in the direction of the pedal but not backwards. Further Testing Performance with depth of water Depth of water Speed of Pedals/ Rev min-1 Performance with different wave frequency Wave Frequency Speed of Pedals/ Rev min-1 Improvements Use turbines instead of water mill. Smaller gates so that they open more effectively. Larger and longer Perspex box. Instead of water, use a denser fluid such as mercury. Water mills must have less flaps so that they do not reduce the flow of water. Survey The aim of the survey was to study peoples perception on wave energy and their knowledge. A copy of the survey which was distributed is found in the appendix. The majority of those who answered the survey ranked wave energy as the second best way of producing electricity in Malta using renewable energy sources. This is understandable since actually when seen in context wave energy is still in its early stages to be used as the main way of producing electricity thus it should be implemented together with other forms of renewable energy. There was a considerable majority who answered that they never heard of wave energy. Given that renewable energy has been on the agenda for the last five years and wave energy seem to know of it, it seems that the government and other authorities are not giving wave energy its due importance nor are they considering its potential at least in small levels. The lack of importance given to wave energy is also shown through the results obtained for question 4. The majority understand that wave energy has a potential but at the same time accept that further research should be carried out before it is implemented on a large scale. This was the general response both for question 5 and question 3. Question was largely misunderstood and the few survey respondents who understood the question correctly accepted that wave energy can have a negative environmental impact, which can be minimised by designing a wave generator which is more environmentally friendly and has a smaller visual impact. The survey results show that people are not well informed and this point must be taken into consideration in designing the fair stand. The aim of the fair stand should not be merely to inform the public on our project but also on wave energy as a whole including its advantages and its disadvantages.